Foreign Phrases, Part 1 - Random Trivia Answers

1E.	auto da fé (Portuguese) = inquisition	The phrase, also spelled auto de fé in Spanish, refers to the trials and torture used during the infamous Spanish Inquisition.
2G.	chutzpah (Yiddish) = audacity	The term is usually used in light-hearted rather than serious manner.
3D.	dharma (Sanskrit) = personal duty	The title character Dharma Freedom Montgomery of Dharma and Greg was given this name to reflect her compassionate, flower child nature.
4J.	doppelgänger (German) = ghost double	The term now refers to anyone who looks like you, but the original connotation is of horror.
5H.	feng shui (Chinese) = the art or practice of positioning objects	The phrase, which literally means "wind-water", applies especially to arranging furniture and decorations in buildings.
6F.	glasnost (Russian) = openness	In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev insisted that the Soviet Union had entered a period of glasnost and perestroika ("restructuring").
7A.	hara kiri (Japanese) = ritual suicide	Samurai warriors would commit suicide (seppuku) by "belly cutting" to avoid falling into enemy hands or in response to being dishonored.
8L.	hoi polloi (Greek) = commoners	The phrase refers to "the many" derogatorily in contrast to "the few".
9C.	jihad (Arabic) = holy war	According to the Koran, this is a religious duty for all Muslims.
10K.	lingua franca (Italian) = common language	The "French language" held the distinction two centuries ago but no longer even ranks in the top ten.
11I.	mot juste (French) = just the right word	A related phrase is bon mot, or "good word", meaning a witty comment.
12B.	tabula rasa (Latin) = blank slate	The phrase refers to a chance to start over without having to work from an existing infrastructure or base.